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Istria
The Istrian peninsula lies in
modern northwest Croatia and western
Slovenia.
Istria was a possession of the
Eastern Roman empire and then a province of Carinthia until it
established a margraviate of its own in 1062. |
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728 |
The
Byzantines recover
the exarchate of Ravenna, although control over
Venice is weaker now that the
city has its own elected doge in place of a Roman tribune. The remaining
territory within the exarch consists of Ferrara, Istria, the Pentapolis,
Perugia, and Ravenna's immediate surroundings. |
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807 |
The
intervention of the Niceta fleet
reaffirms Byzantine sovereignty over the lagoon
region of Venice, Istria and Dalmatia. |
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944 |
Istrian pirates kidnap some intended
Venetian brides on 31 January,
but they are soon freed at Caorle. |
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1000 |
Pietro Orseolo II of
Venice leads an expedition against
Slavonic pirates, becoming doge
of Venice, Istria and Dalmatia. |
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Margraves of Istria |
1062 - 1070 |
Ulrich I Weimar-Orlamunde |
First margrave. |
1070 - 1077 |
The
title is vacant, and control may pass back to
Carinthia. |
1077 - 1090 |
Henry I Eppenstein |
Died 1127. |
1090 - 1096 |
Engelbert I Spanheim-Ortenburg |
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1096 - 1100 |
Poppo Weimar |
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1100 - 1103 |
Ulrich II Weimar |
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1103 - 1134 |
Engelbert II Spanheim-Ortenburg |
Died 1141. |
1134 - 1171 |
Engelbert III Spanheim-Ortenburg |
Died 1173. |
1171 - 1188 |
Berthold I Andechs |
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1172 - 1204 |
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Berthold II Andechs |
Joint rule. |
1204 - 1209 |
Henry II of Meran |
Died 1228. |
1209 - 1215 |
The
title passes to Aquileia. |
1215 - 1230 |
Otto of Meran |
Died 1234. |
1230 - 1251 |
Berthold III |
Patriarch of Aquilea (1218-1251). |
1251 - 1420 |
The
title passes to Aquileia. |
1314 |
Venice annexes Istrian Muggia. |
1420 - 1797 |
The
margraviate is partitioned between
Austria
and Venice. |
1797 - 1805 |
Napoleon Bonaparte, leader of the
French
First Republic begins campaigning against
Austria
in northern Italy,
starting with the Battle of Rivoli on 14-15 January. The Treaty of Leoben is
signed with Austria on 17 April, which leads to the loss for Austria of the
Austrian Netherlands and Lombardy, but which gains it the
Venetian territories of Dalmatia
and Istria in return. The treaty is confirmed and extended by the Treaty of
Campo Formio, which is signed on 17 October 1797. |
1805 - 1810 |
Istria is merged
with the French
First Empire's kingdom of Italy under Napoleon
Bonaparte's control. |
1810 - 1814 |
Following a further
Austrian
defeat in 1809, at the Battle of Wagram,
Bavaria
agrees to grant the Tyrol to
Italy, while Istria,
Dalmatia and Ragusa are incorporated into the new
Illyrian
Provinces. |
1814 - 1918 |
Austria
takes Istria back, detaching it from Italy.
Following Austria's humiliating defeat by
Prussia
in 1866, Istria gains autonomy as a province within Austria. |
1918 - 1943 |
In
the secret Treaty of London of 26 April 1915,
Italy agrees to abandon its
allies, Germany and
Austria-Hungary,
declaring war on them instead. Italy has been promised territory in
compensation for its change of allegiance, which will certainly be at
Austria's expense. With the collapse of Austria's empire at the end of the
First World War, and the agreement of a ceasefire on 3 November 1918, Italy
inherits the province of Istria. |
1943 - 1945 |
The
territory is controlled
by Nazi Germany. |
1945 - 1991 |
The
peninsula is made part of Communist Yugoslavia. |
1991 |
As
Yugoslavia falls
apart, Istria becomes part of the republic of
Croatia. |
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