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Principality of Monte Negro
In 1875 an anti-Turkish rebellion started in
Bosnia and quickly spread to
Bulgaria. The
Ottoman
Turks brutally suppressed the rebellions and in the process aroused strong
European opinion. After a spell of dithering, Russia
declared war on Turkey. At the end of a victorious campaign, the Treaty of
San Stephano ended the war and freed large swathes of the Balkans. This
threatened to upset the European balance of power, so the Congress of
Berlin redressed the balance a little.
Serbia,
Rumania, and Monte Negro all became
independent, with increased territory, but Bulgaria
was divided, with the major portion (the northern segment) being allowed
autonomy. Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Novipazar were made protectorates of
Austria.
The name Monte Negro originates from an Italian version of its Serbo-Croat
original, and means "Black Mountain." The region possessed one
of the earliest traditions of local autonomy under Ottoman rule. |
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