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Rumania
Rumania become a principality in 1859 under Ottoman suzerainty when it was
formed out of the late-Byzantine and then
Ottoman-ruled principalities of
Wallachia
and Moldavia. The country gained
independence from the Ottomans in 1877. Karl of Hohenzollern had been brought in to
form a new monarchy for Wallachia, and so became the first king of Rumania
in 1881. |
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Kingdom of Rumania (HOHENZOLLERN)
AD 1881 - 1947 |
1881 - 1914 |
Karel I |
Charles Eitel Frederick of
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. |
1914 - 1927 |
Ferdinand |
Nephew. Daughter Marie m.King Alexander II of
Yugoslavia. |
1918 |
Rumania
gains the Principality of Transylvania from
Hungary, as well as some territory from
Russia. |
1927 - 1930 |
Michael / Mihai |
Son of Karel II.
Born 1921. |
1930 - 1940 |
Karel II |
Son of Ferdinand. |
1940 - 1947 |
Michael / Mihai |
Used as a fascist figurehead. Exiled. |
1938 - 1944 |
Russia
seizes Moldova (former Moldavia)
in 1940, before Rumania becomes an active ally of
Germany. After some internal
strife, the fascists rule Rumania as part of the Axis Alliance with Nazi Germany.
The country is governed by a pro-German dictator, with the king powerless. |
1940 - 1944 |
Ion Antonescu |
Fascist dictator. |
1947 |
With the USSR
occupying the rest of Eastern Europe at the end of World War II, Rumania is taken over
by communists and the king is forced to abdicate. |
1965 - 1989 |
Nicolae Ceauçescu |
Communist dictator.
Executed in a popular uprising. |
1989 |
Communism is
discarded and a democratic republic is painstakingly established. |
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Hereditary Kings of Rumania
AD 1947 - Present Day |
1947 - Present |
Michael / Mihai |
"Prince of
Hohenzollern"
(1947-48). "King of Rumania" (1948-on). |
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Frederick William |
Heir. Prince, and
member of the main family of,
Hohenzollern. |
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