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Transylvania
Transylvania means "beyond the forest". Although the language of its people
was largely Romance-derived, Transylvania was historically part of
Hungary.
Largely surrounded by mountains, the plateau of Transylvania (known as
Dacia to the Romans), was relatively isolated
and protected from the grassy lowlands around it, through which various
Steppe incursions passed. The name most commonly associated with Transylvania
is that of (Count) Dracula, who was in fact Prince Vlad of
Wallachia. |
1415 - 1438 |
Lorand Lepes |
Prince of Transylvania,
under
Hungarian suzerainty. |
1441 - 1456 |
Iancu of Hunedoara |
Prince of Transylvania,
under Hungarian suzerainty. |
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1526 - 1699 |
Conquered
by the Ottoman Empire.
Transylvania is then largely ruled through appointed princes in the same style as neighbouring
Wallachia and
Moldavia. |
1526 - 1540 |
John Zapolya |
First Prince of Transylvania,
under Ottoman suzerainty. |
1540 - 1571 |
John Sigismund |
|
1571 - 1572 |
Gasnar Bekesy |
|
1572 - 1576 |
The Polish occupy
the region. |
1576 - 1581 |
Christopher Bathory |
|
1581 - 1598 |
Sigismund |
|
1599 - 1600 |
Andrew |
|
1600 - 1601 |
Michael the Brave |
|
1602 - 1603 |
Moyses Szekely |
|
1602 - 1605 |
The
Austrians
occupy the region. |
1605 - 1606 |
Stephen Bocskai |
|
1607 - 1608 |
Sigismund Rakoczi / Ragotski |
|
1608 - 1613 |
Gabriel Bathory |
|
1613 - 1629 |
Gabriel Bethlen |
|
1630 |
Stephen Bethlen |
|
1630 - 1648 |
George Rakoczy I |
|
1648 - 1660 |
George Rakoczy II |
|
1658 - 1660 |
Achatius Bocskai |
|
1661 - 1662 |
Johann Kemeny |
|
1661 - 1690 |
Michael Apafi I |
|
1682 - 1699 |
Emerich Tokoli |
|
1690 - 1699 |
Michael Apafi II |
|
1699 - 1919 |
The
archduchy of Austria,
through its control of the Holy Roman Empire,
conquers the region. Transylvania is then ruled again from
Hungary, this time without local princes. |
1704 - 1711 |
Francis Rakoczy |
|
1919 |
The region
passes to Rumania as part of the dismemberment of the
Austro-Hungarian
Empire after the Great War. During the Second World War,
Germany passes part
of Transylvania back to
Hungary. |
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