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Pergamum
Pergamum, with its city and later kingdom situated near the Aegean coast of
Asia Minor, was one of the Hellenic kingdoms formed from the relics of the
Greek
Empire. Initially part of the
Lysimachian Empire,
which was formed by one of
Alexander the Great's generals, one of his officers took control of the city
in 282 BC and claimed it as his own, although it remained within Greece's
sphere of influence. It later became a loyal ally of
Rome,
fighting alongside Rome against the
Macedonians.
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ATTALID KINGS
Pergamum was ruled as a domain of the
Lysimachian Empire during Philetaerus'
lifetime. It was only with his cousin's later success against the Galatian
Celts that
an independent kingdom was proclaimed. |
282 - 263 BC |
Philetaerus |
One of Lysimachus' officers. |
263 - 241 BC |
Eumenes I |
Nephew. |
241 - 197 BC |
Attalus I Soter |
First cousin. |
230 BC |
Attalus triumphs
against the Celts and subsequently proclaims himself king. |
200 BC |
Attalus
is apparently the trigger for the Second Macedonian War between
Rome
and
Macedonia. |
197 - 160 BC |
Eumenes II |
Son. |
c.188 BC |
Pergamum annexes
Lydia around this point in
time, after the Seleucids are defeated by
Rome and Asia Minor
is taken as a Roman province. |
160 - 138 BC |
Attalus II Philadelphus |
Brother. |
138 - 133 BC |
Attalus III |
Son of Eumenes II. |
133 BC |
Attalus bequeaths the state to
Rome
to avoid a likely succession crisis. The Romans are slow to take up their
claim, so the illegitimate Eumenes III fills the power vacuum and tries to
gather support. |
133 - 129 BC |
Eumenes III Aristonicus |
Brother. Pretender. |
131 BC |
The first
Roman
army sent against Eumenes meets with failure. |
129 BC |
Eumenes
is defeated and captured by a second Roman
army. He is paraded through Rome and then executed. |
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