An extensive collection of information covering all historical states, including comprehensive features, highly detailed maps, and lists of rulers for each state. To submit your own features, king list data, photos, audio files, or video files for inclusion, please visit the 'Contact us' page on the web site. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk History Kessler Associates and respective contributors and original sources. All rights reserved. en-gb http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/images/rss/historyFilesTitle_rss.jpg http://www.historyfiles.co.uk With the kingdom of Italy fatally undermined by its association with fascism before and during the Second World War, the Italian monarchy was formally brought to an end on 12 June 1946 and was replaced by a republic. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/ItalyKingdom.htm#Modern Thu, 09 Feb 2012 20:30:00 GMT Following their invasion of Roman Iberia in AD 409, the Asding Vandali and the Suevi took the province of Gallaecia and the north of modern Portugal, situated in the north-western corner of Iberia. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/BarbarianSuevi.htm#Suevi Kingdom Tue, 07 Feb 2012 20:40:00 GMT The Thracian tribe of the Bessoi (or sometimes the Bessi) existed between the fifth and first centuries BC, occupying an area of the Rhodopi Mountains in modern Bulgaria. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreeceThraceBessoi.htm Mon, 06 Feb 2012 20:30:00 GMT The traditional 'founding' of Rome was probably a formal melding together of various small villages in the area, a process that has also been observed in the late Villanovan in Italy, when the first Etruscan cities began to emerge. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/ItalyRome.htm#Etruscans Sat, 04 Feb 2012 10:05:00 GMT A new alternative for the origins of the Attacotti can be found in the little-known southern highlands of Scotland, to the south of the Antonine Wall. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/FeaturesBritain/RomanAttacotti01.htm Thu, 02 Feb 2012 21:42:00 GMT The rule of Macedonia and Thrace by the Roman republic followed the defeat of Perseus, the last of the native Macedonian kings, ending the former glory that was the kingdom of Alexander the Great. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreeceMacedonia.htm#Romans Thu, 26 Jan 2012 18:30:00 GMT The Thracian tribal kingdom of Sapes emerged in the middle of the first century BC, seemingly as a splinter state of the Astean kingdom. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreeceThraceSapes.htm Sat, 21 Jan 2012 18:18:00 GMT Etruscan culture flourished in Etruria and the Po Valley in central and northern Italy from around 800 BC, evolving to take over from the previous (and probably related) Villanova culture. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/ItalyEtruscans.htm Thu, 19 Jan 2012 20:08:00 GMT The Islamic invasion of Syria began in AD 634 under the command of Khalid ibn al-Walid, one of Muhammad's most able companions and generals, and also Syria's first governor. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/ArabicSyria.htm#Islamic Thu, 12 Jan 2012 19:35:00 GMT Two pages of photos and text ventures further into the old docks areas of the London Borough of Newham and uncovers a series of lost churches. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/ChurchesBritain/London/East_Newham03.htm Sun, 08 Jan 2012 12:53:00 GMT Lugano in Switzerland has been occupied since the Stone Age, and was Etruscan territory between the fifth and second centuries BC, closely bordered by the Lepontii tribe of Celts in Ticino. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/ItalyLugano.htm Wed, 04 Jan 2012 20:33:00 GMT The four Greek client republics, which included both the former Odrysian kingdom and the tribal Odrissae of Thrace, were dissolved and officially incorporated into the Roman province of Macedonia in 146 BC, but then the Astean tribal kingdom arose around 100 BC. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreeceThrace.htm#Astean Fri, 30 Dec 2011 15:01:00 GMT Much about the existence of the Romano-British kingdom of Elmet is shrouded in mystery or vague fact, although tantalisingly less so than with many of its sixth century peers. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsBritain/BritainElmet.htm Fri, 23 Dec 2011 17:49:00 GMT Ancient Egypt was a Roman province for approximately six and-a-half centuries, only being conquered by the Islamic empire in the seventh century AD. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsAfrica/EgyptIslamic.htm Thu, 22 Dec 2011 21:48:00 GMT The Shang were originally a tribe that occupied the lower regions of the Yellow River during the period of dominance of the Xia dynasty, and eventually caused their downfall. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/ChinaDynasties.htm#Shang Dynasty Mon, 19 Dec 2011 23:12:00 GMT The Herne Bay section of the East Kent tour receives a shake-up with two new pages to complete the route into Thanet via Beltinge. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/ChurchesBritain/SouthEast/Kent_Canterbury21.htm Sun, 18 Dec 2011 12:44:00 GMT The earliest traces of human habitation in the British Isles dates to about 700,000 years ago. These people were Homo Heidelbergensis, early humans who formed small, migratory groups of hunter-gatherers. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsBritain/BritainHighKings.htm Tue, 13 Dec 2011 19:35:00 GMT The advent of the Erimi culture began one of Cyprus' longest lasting periods, one which saw copper being used across the island and trade links being developed with the mainland. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsEurope/GreeceCyprus.htm#Erimi Tue, 06 Dec 2011 20:08:00 GMT The kingdom of Alodia was a medieval Nubian state which formed during the very murky, undocumented period of the sixth and seventh centuries AD, in the north of modern Sudan. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsAfrica/AfricaSudanAlodia.htm Thu, 01 Dec 2011 20:44:00 GMT The Beaker folk (or Beaker culture) arrived in Britain around 2700-2500 BC, intermingling fairly peacefully with the existing Neolithic culture and adopting its henges. http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsBritain/BritainHighKings.htm#Beaker Thu, 01 Dec 2011 20:43:00 GMT