European Kingdoms

Norway

As with Denmark and Sweden, the rulers of Norway emerged from legendary origins. There are less ambiguities and contradictions in Norway's reignal list, though. The only uncertainty here is over the first known ruler, who is ascribed two sets of dates by differing sources. It seems to be fairly certain that Norway's royal line was founded by a refugee king from Sweden, fleeing his homeland during a period of Danish superiority.

Alternate dates are shown in red text alongside relevant entries. Rulers with lilac backing are semi-mythical. Halfdan the Black is the earliest confirmed ruler and his resting place is usually assigned to a large burial mound in Norway. Those kings who ruled before him are generally though to have controlled only limited parts of modern Norway, and perhaps only a very small territory. However, if the list of names is to believed then this small, regional kingdom was the birthplace of Norway's monarchy.

(Additional information by Andreas von Millwall.)

Nori

Son of Danp , who was the brother-in-law of Domar.

Nori is the legendary founder of the kingdom of Norway. He is mentioned in several medieval Scandinavian texts, which establish that he is either the son of Danp or one of the sons of King Ypper of Uppsala (the other two being Dan, who later rules Denmark, and Østen, who later rules the Swedes (possibly the Östen of the late sixth century)). Perhaps Nori represents the beginnings of any notable kingship in Norway.

Norway's origins lie in regional petty kingdoms that were challenged in the mid-seventh century by members of the Swedish royal house

c.500

Heoden / Henden

King of the Gloms in Norway.

The Germanic Gloms are mentioned in the Old English poem Widsith. They are probably located along the River Glomma (or Glåma) in south-western Norway. The Heatho-Reams are also mentioned, who form the later kingdom of Romerike.

early 6th century

Roduulf / Rodwulf

King of the Ranii in Norway. Abandoned them to join Ostrogoths.

550s

According to Jordanes, the tribe of the Adogit live in the far north, while the Grannii (Grenland), Augandzi (Agder), Eunixi, Taetel, Rugii (Rogaland), Arochi (Hordaland, who have been linked to the Charudes) and Ranii occupy central and southern Norway at this time, along with the Raumarici (the later kingdom of Raumarike or ) close to modern Oslo. Roduulf rules the Ranii until, apparently despising his own kingdom and seeking adventure, he flees to join Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths.

fl c.580s

Koll

(A) King of Norway, according to Saxo Grammaticus.

According to Saxo Grammaticus, Koll is killed by Horvendil, Danish governor or prince of Jutland. He is probably one of several minor kings in Norway. A series of petty kingdoms have sprung up along the south-western coastline of Norway by this time.

c.620s?

Swedish control of areas of Norway comes at this time, suggesting increasing Swedish power, but also that there is something worth conquering and ruling in Norway. Many minor kingdoms are known of, but nothing of their history or rulers until they come into contact with the Yngling kings, and are subsequently conquered or absorbed.

623 - 647?

Ingjald Illrade

Or 623-647. King of (part of) Norway and Sweden.

c.655

At a time when the kings of the Denes are conquering his homeland, Olaf Tretelgia is said to flee Sweden and, settling in Norway, founds its first (historical) royal house. However, although perhaps dominant in Norway, Olaf cannot be said to be the ruler of a single kingdom. The historical existence of his descendants of the eighth and early ninth centuries is doubted by some scholars, but the names probably reflect real persons, even if the stories surrounding them may be fanciful.

fl c.655 - ?

Olaf / Olav Tretelgia ('Tree-cutter')

Son. Former king of the Swedes of the house of Yngling.

Eystein

King of Oppland and Hedmark in Norway.

c.660s/670s?

Hedmark borders Sweden in the south-east of Norway, (the north-eastern section of modern Østlandet). The kingdom is either conquered by Halfdan Hvitbeinn or he gains it following the death of his father-in-law. Oppland borders Hedmark on its western flank ('opp' or 'upp' meaning highlands or upper countries, the highlands next to Hedmark).

late 7th century

Halfdan Hvitbeinn / Halfdan I Whitelegs

Son of Olaf. m Åsa, dau of Eystein of Oppland.

Halfdan Hvitbeinn becomes one of pre-unification Norway's most powerful kings. He obtains Hedmark and Oppland and conquers Hadeland, Toten (a minor kingdom within Oppland), and part of Vestfold. He also inherits Värmland (which had been founded by Olaf Tretelgia on the border between Sweden and Norway about AD 655) upon the death of his brother, Ingjald Olafsson.

fl c.700s?

Erik Agnarsson

King of Vestfold in Norway.

Vestfold is a minor kingdom which includes Eiker and Lier. It is situated to the south of Oppland (bordering modern Buskerud and Telemark). Erik is its only known independent king of this period. His daughter marries Eystein Halfdansson and upon his death Vestfold passes entirely to Eystein.

early 8th century

Eystein I Halfdansson / Eystein Vart

Son. 'Vart' probably means 'the swift'. m Hild of Vestfold.

Eystein inherits the thrones of Romerike (mentioned in the 550s) and Vestfold from his father-in-law. However, his own expansionist skills prove to be limited, and he is killed by Skjöld while pillaging in Varna (location unknown).

Skjöld

King of Varna in Norway. A great warlock.

Dag

King of Vestmar in Norway.

Vestmar, otherwise known as Grenland, is a minor coastal kingdom which is part of the larger region of Grænafylket (or Grenafylket), situated within the modern county of Telemark in the south-west of Norway. Dag's daughter, Liv, marries Halfdan hinn Mildi.

late 8th century

Halfdan II hinn Mildi / Halfdan the Mild

Son of Eystein. King of Romerike and Vestfold. Died in bed.

fl c.790s?

Alfarin

King of Alfheim in Norway.

c.790s

Alfheim (otherwise known as Bohuslän) is a minor kingdom between the Glomma and Göta älv rivers. His daughter is Alfhild, who marries Gudröd. Thanks to this marriage, Gudröd inherits half of Vingulmark (bordering Romerike and including the site of the country's later capital, Oslo). Later archaeological finds suggest the region is an important centre of power.

c.804 - c.810

Gudröd / Gudrod the Magnificent

Son. King of Romerike and Vestfold.

fl c.800s

Harald

King of Agder in Norway. Killed by Gudröd.

c.800s

Agder is a minor kingdom in the southernmost part of modern Norway (the two modern counties of Aust-Agder and Vest-Agder). The name predates the Norwegian language, originating in an Old Norse word which itself suggests a much older word of which the meaning is unknown. The people of Agder, the Egðir, could be the Augandzi of Jordanes' sixth century work Getica suggesting that they are originally the *Augandii people who live in *Augandia.

Gudröd's wife dies during his reign, so he sends warriors to propose a marriage to Harald's daughter, Åsa. Harald refuses, so Gudröd takes her by force, killing Harald and his son, Gyrd, in the process. However, a year after becoming father to Halfdanr Svarti, Gudröd is murdered by Åsa's page boy. The queen returns to Agder to raise her son while Olaf inherits the southern half of Gudröd's kingdom.

c.810 - 840

Olaf Geirstade

Son by first marriage. King of Romerike.

c.810 - 863

Halfdanr Svarti / Halfdan III the Black

Half-brother. King of Vestfold. Died crossing a frozen ford.

c.810 - c.827

Åsa Haraldsdottir

Mother and regent.

fl c.820s?

Álfgeir / Alfgeir

King of Vingulmark in Norway.

fl c.830s

Gandalf

Son. King of Vingulmark.

fl c.840s - 850s?

Hysing

Son. King of Vingulmark. Killed by Halfdanr Svarti.

Helsing

Brother and co-ruler or prince. Killed by Halfdanr Svarti.

Hake

Brother and co-ruler or prince. Fled the kingdom.

c.827/828

At the age of eighteen or nineteen, Halfdanr Svarti conquers Agder before pursuing an aggressive policy of expanding his kingdom further. Dividing Vestfold with his brother, Olaf (later to be inherited by Olaf's son, Ragnvald), he persuades Gandalf of Vingulmark to cede him half of that kingdom (possibly through intimidation).

fl c.830s?

Harald Gulskeg

King of Sogn in Norway.

fl c.830s?

Harald Halfdansson

Son of Halfdanr Svarti & Ragnhild. King of Sogn.

c.830s

Sogn is a minor kingdom which is located in western Norway and is now the southern half of the modern county of the same name. The king's daughter, Ragnhild, becomes the first wife of Halfdanr Svarti, and mother to a boy named Harald. Ragnhild's father names the young Harald as his successor, but when all three pass away in succession, Halfdanr Svarti lays claim to the kingdom, and it is peacefully subsumed.

fl c.840s

Sigtryg Eysteinsson

King of Hedmark & Raumarike in Norway. Killed by Halfdan Svarti.

fl c.840s

Eystein Eysteinsson

Brother. King of Hedmark & Raumarike.

c.840s

Raumarike is a minor kingdom which is located to the north of modern Oslo in south-eastern Norway. In the sixth century, Jordanes mentions a people by the name of the Raumarici, probably the same as Raumarike. The Old English poems Beowulf and Widsith call them the Heaðo-Reamas ('battling Reamas'). In the eighth century, Raumarike is under the rule of Sigurd Ring of Denmark, and then his son, Randver. It is possible that Sigtryg is the son of Eystein Beli, sub-king of Sweden under Randver. He is sometimes given as being the son of Eystein I Halfdansson of Norway, but the likely timescale between them makes this impossible.

This kingdom is attacked by Halfdanr Svarti. He first kills Sigtryg Eysteinsson in battle, and then repeatedly attacks Sigtryg's brother in battle until he is also defeated. Raumarike passes to Halfdanr, along with half of Hedmark.

fl c.840s?

Ragnvald / Rognvald 'Mountain-High'

Son of Olaf. King of Vestfold in Norway.

c.840s?

Halfdanr Svarti further expands his kingdom following an attempted ambush by Hysing of Vingulmark and his brothers, Helsing and Hake. He raises an army and attacks the brothers, killing two and forcing the third to flee. Vingulmark is incorporated into his kingdom.

fl c.840s?

Sigurd Hjort 'Snake-in-the-Eye'

King of Hringarík / Ringerike. Killed by Hake.

c.840s

Ringerike is a minor kingdom which is located in the modern county of Buskerud in southern central Norway, close to the south-western border of the kingdom of Oppland. The king's daughter (or great-granddaughter), Ragnhild, becomes the second wife of Halfdanr Svarti after being kidnapped by one Hake (the same Hake who had been expelled from Vingulmark?). Halfdanr rescues her. Together, they become the parents of Haraldr Hárfagri.

863 - 872

Haraldr Hárfagri / Harald I Fairhair

Son of Halfdanr Svarti. United all of Norway.

866 - 872

There is internecine war between the minor kingdoms. Haraldr hárfagri slowly becomes dominant, forcing the kingdoms to acknowledge his rule which by 872, is complete. During this period, King Faravid of Kvenland is said by later chronicles to ally himself to the Norwegians to fight the Karelians to the east.

Kingdom of Norway
AD 872 - Present Day

Norway is on the western edge of Scandinavia, bordered to its west only by the North Sea. To its south is Denmark, while Sweden is to the east. Finland connects to Norway's far north-eastern border, as does Russia.

Norway's minor kingdoms were united by Haraldr Hárfagri during various wars of the 860s and early 870s. Upon the death of Haraldr's father, the kingdom of Raumarike submitted to Sweden, and had to be forcibly encouraged to join Haraldr's kingdom of Norway. This probably helped to complete Haraldr's control of all of that region after he inherited the remainder from his father. The area was also laid claim to by King Eric V Anundsson of Sweden, forcing Haraldr to invade Götaland to defend his own claim. In fact, many of Haraldr's opponents were forced to flee the country and seek refuge in various Viking outposts including the Faroe Islands, the Hebrides, Iceland, the Orkney Islands, and the Shetland Islands. Eventually he was forced to undertake an expedition to clear out some of them, including from outposts in Scotland itself.

872 - 933

Haraldr Hárfagri / Harald I Fairhair

Son of Halfdan III.

late 800s

Haraldr marries Ragnhidr (Ragnhild), daughter of Eirik, prince of Jutland (who may be the same person as King Eric (I or II) of Denmark). The king's son by her is Eric Bloodaxe.

During the same late ninth century period, battles take place as the Geats have to defend themselves against Haraldr. They receive no help from their Swedish overlords.

Haraldr Halfdansson united all the minor kingdoms of Norway in the later ninth century through a mixture of force of arms and diplomacy

874

Iceland is discovered and settled in increasing numbers, and an independent republic governs it until 1262.

c.900

During his reign, Haraldr divides responsibility for the management of the kingdom. The original holdings in the south-east are given to sons (at least twelve) and kinsmen, the south-west coastal region remains under Haraldr's direct control as high king, the long north-western coastal strip is governed by the earls of Lade, while the earls of Møre govern a much smaller region between Lade and the south-west. The earls of Lade prove to be important players in the rule of Norway later in the century.

911

To keep the peace in the face of Viking attacks, Charles III of the Franks grants territory in the north to the Viking chieftain, Rollo. The resulting duchy of Normandy proves to be far more powerful than the king could have feared, but Rollo's origins are today disputed by Norway and Denmark. Norway claims him as the son of Rognvald Eysteinsson, earl of Møre, in western Norway. Records from the twelfth century claim he falls out with the king and migrates to Normandy.

903

Haraldr secures the succession by naming his favourite son, Eric Bloodaxe as his successor. They rule side by side for the three remaining years of Haraldr's life. This does not end the possibility of division within the kingdom, however, and it is not until about 1030 that Norway is unquestionably unified.

930 - 934

Eric I Bloodaxe

Son. King of the Scandinavian kingdom of York (948 & 952-954).

Guttorm Haraldsson,

Brother. King of Ranrike.

Halvdan Kvite (Haraldsson)

Brother. King of Trondheim.

Halvdan Svarte (Haraldsson)

Brother. King of Trondheim.

Sigrød Haraldsson

Brother. King of Trondheim.

Rögnvaldr / Ragnald Haraldsson

Brother. King of Hadeland. Killed by Eric.

Bjørn Farmann

Brother. King of Vestfold. Killed by Eric.

Olaf Haraldsson Geirstadalf

Brother. King of Vingulmark, to which he added Vestfold.

934 - 954

An apparently harsh ruler, Eric quickly falls out of favour with the Norwegian nobility. When Haakon returns from England, he is asked to take the throne. Eric is banished. and flees the country to become an adventurer. In 946 he is invited to England to become ruler of the Scandinavian kingdom of York. He is rejected in 948, returns in 952, and is finally defeated in 954. This event creates a fully unified kingdom of England.

934 - 961

Haakon I the Good

Brother. First Christian king. Fostered in Wessex as a child.

961 - 977

Harald II Graypelt

Son of Eric Bloodaxe.

977 - 995

Haakon

Danish earl (jarl) of Lade. 'Regent'.

982

Greenland is discovered by Eric the Red and is claimed for Norway.

991

The Battle of Maldon on the Essex coast of England is lost when the forces of Olaf Tryggvason (soon to be king of Norway and the main rival against Sweyn Forkbeard for the throne of Denmark) defeat those of the ealdorman of Essex. The Vikings begin to demand heavy tribute from the Saxon lands.

995 - 1000

Olaf I Tryggvason

1000 - 1015

Eric Haakonsson

Son of Haakon. Danish earl (jarl) of Lade.

1013

Olaf II Haraldson is allied to King Ethelred of England, and fights with him against the Danes in this year. Olaf also reunites Norway and achieves hegemony over the Sami who border the earldom of Lade along a long coastal strip which also covers the very north of modern Sweden and Finland.

1016 - 1028

St Olaf II Haraldson / the Holy / the Stout

First Christian king. Died 1030.

1028 - 1035

Norway falls under the rule of Denmark, governed first by Haakon, then directly under Canute himself, and finally under Canute's son, Sweyn, and his mistress, Aelfgifu in his name until his death.

1028 - 1029

Haakon Eiriksson

Regent. Danish jarl of Hålogaland.

1030 - 1035

Sven Cnutsson / Sweyn

Regent. Son of Canute II of Denmark.

1035

Canute's death sees his great Scandinavian empire begin to break up. By the late 1020s he had been able to claim kingship over England, Denmark, Norway, and part of Sweden. Scotland had also submitted to his overlordship, and Viking raids against the British Isles had been ended. Now his brother Harold gains England, his son Hardicanute gains Denmark, and Sweyn gains Norway.

1035 - 1036

Sweyn

Former regent or governor of Norway.

1036 - 1047

Magnus I the Good

Also king of Denmark (1042-1047).

1047 - 1066

Harald III Hardrade ('Hard Ruler')

Killed by Harold II, king of England at Stamford Bridge.

1066

The son of Sigurd Syr, sub-king of Ringerike in Norway, Harald III attempts to invade England with the help of King Harold's rebellious younger brother, Earl Tostig of Northumbria. The invasion is defeated at the Battle of Stamford bridge on 28 September, and both Harald and Tostig are killed.

1066 - 1069

Magnus II

1069 - 1093

Olaf III the Peaceful

1093 - 1103

Magnus III the Barefoot / Barelegs

Also king of Ynys Manau (1095-1102) & Dublin (1102-1103).

1093 - 1095

Haakon Magnusson Toresfostre

Co-ruler.

1103 - 1115

Olaf IV Magnusson

1103 - 1122

Eystein II (I)

1103 - 1130

Sigurd I the Crusader

1130

A period of prolonged civil war erupts in Norway, partially due to muddy succession laws but also due to various oppositions groups with their own interests in claiming the crown. Conflict is frequent and prolonged but there are periods in which it subsides to the level of a mere feud.

1130 - 1135

Magnus IV the Blinded

Died 1139.

1130 - 1136

Harald IV Gillechrist

1136

Sigurd Horrid

A deacon, held the throne for one day.

1136 - 1161

Inge I Crookback

1136 - 1161

Sigurd II the Mouth

1142 - 1157

Eystein III (II)

1161 - 1162

Haakon II Broad-Shoulder

1160s

By this time Erling 'Skakke' ('the Jolted', named as such after a war 'accident') has claimed much of the country on behalf of his son, Magnus V Erlingsson. Essentially two power blocs now exist in the civil war; the 'Baglers' (the church and the nobility led by Magnus V and his father), and the 'Birkebeiners' (shown in green, a motley crew of brigands, 'ravers', and other outcasts lead by King Sverre who holds his claim via his mother's side of the family).

1161 - 1179

Erling Skakke

Regent for his son.

1162 - 1184

Magnus V Erlingsson

Leader of the 'Baglers'. Killed at the Battle of Fimreite.

1162 - 1163

Sigurd III

A Bagler.

1168 - 1170

Olaf

A Birkebeiner.

1170 - 1173

Sigurd

A Birkebeiner.

1174 - 1177

Eystein the Maiden

A Birkebeiner.

1177 - 1202

Sverre the Priest

A Birkebeiner, in Tronheim, their main stronghold.

1184 - 1194

Once Magnus V is killed at the Battle of Fimreite in this year, Sverre is sole king of Norway. He also proves to be a great king, and perhaps one of the country's most important. In 1194, following a disagreement with the church (which supports the opposing Baglers), he is excommunicated by the Pope. Despite this, he continues to receive support both from Knut VI of Sweden and from Prince John in England, and relations with the Pope become insignificant with the resurgence of Bagler opposition.

1185 - 1188

Jon Cuvlung

A Bagler.

1193 - 1194

Sigurd Magnusson

A Bagler.

1196 - 1199

Inge Magnusson

A Bagler.

1202 - 1204

Haakon III

A Birkebeiner.

1204

Guttorm

A Birkebeiner.

1204 - 1207

Erling Steinvegg

A Bagler.

1204 - 1217

Philip Simonson Steinvegg

A Bagler, in Opland & Viken, two main strongholds.

1204 - 1217

Inge II Baardson

A Birkebeiner.

1209

Agreement is reached between the two warring factions. Inge rules the country while Philip Simonson rules in Viken in a nominally independence guise.

1217

The long-running period of civil war is finally ended following the deaths in this year both of Inge II and Philip Simonson. The thirteen year-old Haakon is chosen as sole king, with Skule Bårdsson acting as regent. The regency does not go smoothly, however, with Skule eventually rebelling against the king. Skule proclaims himself king in 1239 but is killed the following year, and with that country is finally at peace.

1217 - 1263

Haakon IV the Old

Son of Haakon III.

1217 - 1240

Skule Bårdsson

Regent. Rebelled and was killed.

1262

The Icelandic Althing (Assembly) votes for union with Norway.

1263 - 1281

Magnus VI Lawmender

1281 - 1299

Eric II

His dau. Margaret, became queen of Scotland (1286-1290).

1299 - 1320

Haakon V

1320 - 1365

Magnus VII of Norway

Also Magnus II of Sweden (1320-1365).

1343 - 1380

Haakon VI

1380 - 1387

Olaf IV

Also Olaf V of Denmark (1376-1387).

1380 - 1536

The Union of Denmark & Norway is enacted. Norway, Greenland and Iceland all now come under the rule of Denmark. Until 1536, the kings of Denmark rule Norway directly, but then governors (statholders) are appointed to manage the country's internal interests.

1536 - 1551

Peder Hansen Litle

1551 - 1556

Jesper Friis

1556 - 1572

Christiern Munk

1572 - 1577

Pouel Ottesen Huitfeldt

1577 - 1583

Ludvig Ludvigsson Munk of Norlund

1583 - 1588

Ove Juel

1588 - 1601

Aksel Gyldenstjerne

1601 - 1608

Jørgen Friis of Krastrup

1608 - 1618

Enevold Kruse of Hjermislov

1618 - 1629

Jens Hermansson Juel

1629 - 1642

Christopher Knudsson Urne of Asmark

1642 - 1651

Hannibal Sehested

1651 - 1655

Gregers Krabbe

1656 - 1661

Nils Trolle Trollesholl Gauno

1661 - 1664

Iver Tageson Krabbe

1664 - 1699

Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve

Count Laurvig-Tønsberg.

1669 - 1675

Ove Juel

Acting statholder.

1675 - 1682

Jens Juel

Acting statholder.

1682 - 1694

Just Högh of Fultoffe

Acting statholder.

1699 - 1708

Frederik Gabel

1708 - 1710

Johan Vibe

1710 - 1712

Ulrik Frederik Valdemar

Baron Løvendal.

1712 - 1713

Claus Henrik Vieregg

1713 - 1722

Frederik Krag

1722 - 1731

Ditlev Vibe

1731 - 1733

Patroclus Romeling

Acting statholder.

1733 - 1739

Christian

Count Rantzau.

1739 - 1750

Hans Jakob Arnold

Acting statholder.

1750 - 1771

Jacob von Benzon

1766 - 1768

Karl

Acting statholder. Son of Frederick II, landgrave Hessen-Kassel.

1771 - 1809

The post of statholder is vacant.

1809 - 1810

Christian August

Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg.

1810 - 1813

Friedrich

Son of the landgrave of Hessen-Kassel.

1813 - 1814

Christian Frederik of Denmark

1814

Marcus Gjøe Rosenkrantz

1814 - 1905

Denmark loses Norway, which then comes under the rule of Sweden from the end of the Napoleonic Wars. The post of statholder is retained, but now with Swedish nobles fulfilling the duties of office.

1814 - 1816

Hans Henrik

Count von Essen.

1816 - 1818

Carl Carlsson

Count Mörner.

1818 - 1827

Johan August

Count Sandels.

1827 - 1829

Baltzar

Count von Platen.

1829 - 1836

The post of statholder is vacant.

1836 - 1840

Johan Caspar Herman

Count of Wedel-Jarlsberg.

1841 - 1856

Severin Løvenskiold

1856 - 1873

The post of statholder is again vacant, and is abolished in 1873. Full rule of Norway returns to the kings of Denmark until 1905.

1905

Norway gains full independence on 7 June. On 12-13 August a plebiscite is held in which 368,392 male voters agree to formally end the union with Sweden. 184 vote against the move. Women, unable to vote, collect 250,000 signatures in support of the move. The Norwegian government then asks Prince Carl of Denmark to become the country's new king. Following a highly successful vote on 12-13 November to establish whether the Norwegian people themselves want the prince, he arrives during a blizzard on 25 November, with his wife Maud (daughter of King Edward VIII of England), and his son Alexander. Carl changes his name to the more acceptable Haakon, and is welcomed as the first wholly Norwegian king for 600 years.

1905 - 1940

Haakon VII

Formerly Prince Carl of Denmark.

1927

Haakon's son, Crown Prince Olaf, marries the Swedish Princess Märtha on 21 March.

1940 - 1945

Norway is occupied by German troops and a fascist regime rules the country.

1945 - 1957

Haakon VII

Restored.

1954

Crown Princess Märtha dies on 5 April.

1957 - 1991

Olaf V

Son. Prince Alexander of Denmark. Died 16 January, aged 87.

1991 - Present

Harald V

Son.

Crown Prince Haakon Magnus

Son. m Mette Marit.

Crown Princess Ingrid Alexandra

Dau. Born 2004.