European Kingdoms

Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire
Non-Dynastic (AD 602-610)

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From the start, the capital of the newly-created Eastern Roman empire was based at Constantinople, dedicated by Emperor Constantine 'the Great' in AD 330. In AD 395, the Roman empire finally suffered a permanent split, creating formal Eastern Roman and Western Roman empires within Europe and beyond, acknowledging what had existed in practise for many years.

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(Information by Peter Kessler, and from External Links: History of the Byzantine Empire (Live Science), and The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire, Jonathan Shepard (Ed, Revised Edition, Cambridge University Press, 2008, and available via the Internet Archive).)

602 - 610

Usurper of the Justinian dynasty. Overthrown.

early 600s

The empire loses the territory of Epirus to Slavic migrant settlers.

607 - 616

The Sassanid Persians invade and conquer Eastern Roman Syria, Egypt, and Asia Minor as part of the Byzantine-Sassanid War of 602-628.

The coming of the Sassanids as replacements for the Parthians meant an entirely new and more vigorous empire being created in the north-western borders of Saka-controlled lands

608 - 610

In conjunction with his son, Heraclius 'the Younger', Exarch Heraclius of Africa revolts against the usurper Phocas. The younger Heraclius uses Africa as a base from which he is able to overthrow Phocas and begin his own Heraclian dynasty in Constantinople. His father passes away shortly after learning the good news.