European Kingdoms

Baden

Baden was a minor margraviate which emerged in lower western Germany during the general political collapse which began in the eleventh century. Much of its territory had previously been within Swabia.

Margraves of Baden
AD 1064 - 1536

1064 - 1073

Herman I

Son of Berthold I of Zähringen. d.1074.

1073 - 1130

Herman II

Son. Created Margrave in 1112.

1130 - 1160

Herman III

1160 - 1190

Herman IV

1190 - 1243

Herman V

1243 - 1250

Herman VI

Became Herman, Duke of Austria (1248-1250).

1250 - 1268

Frederick I

Executed.

1268

Conradin of Swabia assembles a multinational army in Italy, determined to secure his own claim to Sicily in opposition to Charles I of Anjou. He is ably assisted by Frederick I of Baden, but the pair are defeated at Tagliacozzo, and both are soon arrested.

This oil on canvas depicts Conradin awaiting sentence along with his ally, Frederick of Baden, as depicted by Johann Heinrich Tischbein, 1785

1243 - 1288

Rudolf I

1288 - 1295

Rudolf II

1288 - 1297

Hesso

1297 - 1335

Rudolf Hesso

1313

With the death of John Parricide, any claim to the former Swabian duchy dies with him. Large areas of its territory have already gone to the established county of Württemberg and the margraviate of Baden. Territory formerly belonging to the Alemanni people also later forms parts of Austria (Vorarlberg), France (Alsace) and Switzerland, as well as the Bavarian Swabia region of Bavaria.

1288 - 1332

Rudolf III

1288 - 1291

Herman VII

1291 - 1333

Frederick II

1333 - 1353

Herman VIII

1291 - 1348

Rudolf IV

1348 - 1361

Rudolf V

1348 - 1353

Frederick III

1353 - 1372

Rudolf VI

1372 - 1391

Rudolf VII

1372 - 1431

Bernard I

1431 - 1453

James I

1453 - 1454

George

1453 - 1458

Bernard II

1453 - 1475

Charles I

1475 - 1515

Christopher I

Died 1527.

1515 - 1533

Philip I

1515 - 1535

Bernard III

Became margrave of Baden-Baden.

1515 - 1535

Ernest

Became margrave of Baden-Durlach.

1536

The margraviate is divided, forming Baden-Durlach and Baden-Baden.

Margraves of Baden-Baden
AD 1535 - 1771

1535 - 1536

Bernard III

Former margrave of Baden.

1536 - 1556

Christopher II

Died 1575.

1536 - 1569

Philibert

1569 - 1588

Philip II

1588 - 1594

Edward Fortunatus

Died 1600.

1594 - 1622

Interregnum. The margraviate is probably ruled by Baden-Durlach.

1622 - 1677

William

1677 - 1707

Louis William

1686

Louis William's forces form part of the Imperial Army which defeats the Ottomans in Hungary.

1707 - 1761

Louis George

1761 - 1771

Augustus George

1771

Augustus has no heir, so the title of Baden-Baden falls to the margraves of Baden-Durlach, and the divided territory is reunited.

Margraves of Baden-Durlach
AD 1535 - 1806

1535 - 1552

Ernest

Former margrave of Baden.

1552 - 1553

Bernard IV

1552 - 1577

Charles II

1577 - 1590

Ernest-Frederick

1577 - 1590

James III

1590 - 1591

Ernest James

1577 - 1622

George Frederick

Died 1638.

1622 - 1659

Frederick V

1659 - 1677

Frederick VI

1677 - 1709

Frederick VII

1709 - 1738

Charles III William

1738 - 1806

Karl Friedrich

Elector (1803).

1771

Augustus of Baden-Baden has no heir, so the title falls to the margraves of Baden-Durlach.

1806

Baden-Durlach is raised to a Grand Duchy by Napoleon I of France.

Grand Dukes of Baden
AD 1806 - 1918

1806 - 1811

Karl Friedrich

Formerly margrave.

1811 - 1819

Karl Ludwig

1818 - 1830

Ludwig I

1830 - 1852

Leopold

1852 - 1856

Ludwig II

1856 - 1907

Friedrich I

1871

Baden becomes a part of the Prussian German empire.

1907 - 1918

Friedrich II

Died 1928.

1918

All German monarchies are abolished upon the defeat of the German empire in World War I. Baden is recreated as a constituent part of the new federal Germany and its future fortunes would be tied to this new political creation.