|
|
Powys
Centered around Shropshire at Caer Meguaidd, and covering much of the modern Welsh border, Powys derived its
name from the descriptive Latin pagenses, '(land of the) country dwellers'
or 'people of the pagi', the Roman equivalent of district council
areas.
Powys was almost certainly Vortigern's native land. It also seems probable that although in Vortigern's time Powys
may have extended to the North Welsh coast, this access may have been lost as the king of
Dogfeiling & Pengwern
in the seventh century seems to have had easy access between his two kingdoms.
According to tradition, Vortigern's second son was handed Powys
when Vortigern became High King.
In circa 570, Powys was apparently divided in two. The name was
retained for the western half, while the eastern half became Pengwern.
In later years, as attacks by the Norman conquers of
England compressed Wales' free
borders, what was left of Powys came to be ruled by Gwynedd.
|
c.110 BC |
Beli Mawr (the Great) |
(High) King of Britain. m.Don ferch Mathonwy. |
c.80 BC |
Lludd Llaw Ereint (the
Silver-Handed) |
(High) King of Britain. |
c.45 BC |
Afallach ap Lludd |
|
c.10 BC |
Euddolen ap Afallach |
Brother of Owain ap Afallach,
ancestor of Gwynedd's kings. |
|
Eudos ap Euddolen |
|
|
Eifydd ap Eudos |
|
|
Eudeyrn ap Eifydd |
|
|
Euddigan ap Eudeyrn |
|
|
Rhodri ap Euddigan |
|
|
Gloui (Gloyw) Gwallthir
(Long-Hair) |
Sons were Bonus, Paul, Mauron
& Guitolion. |
c.310 |
Guitolion (Gwidolin) ap Gloyw |
He & his brothers founded
Caer Gloui. |
c.340 |
Guitaul (Gwidol) ap Gwidolin |
|
c.375 |
Guortheneu ap Gwidol |
|
c.418 - c.455 |
Wortigernos (Vortigern) ap
Guortheneu |
High King of Post-Roman Britain in 425. |
c.425 |
Vortigern's kingdom is divided
between his sons into Powys, Builth &
Gwerthrynion. |
[ |
Vortimer (Gwerthefyr) Fendigaid |
First son. King of Gwerthefyriwg
(Gwent). |
c.435 - 447 |
Cadeyrn Fendigaid (the Blessed) |
2nd son. King of Powys. Killed at Battle of Aylesford. |
[ |
Pascent (Pasgen) ap Gwrtheyrn |
Third son. Became King of
Builth & Gwerthrynion. |
441 |
Cadell Ddyrnllwg (Gleaming Hilt) |
Son of Cadeyrn. Ruled kingdom during Cadeyrn's battles. |
c.441 |
During a time of largescale
unrest in Britain, the Saxon foederati based around Britain rebel and pillage the
country in the face of light British opposition. During this time,
Irish raids on
the west become heavier, and one
Irish
band captures Powys. Cadell is forced to go into hiding. |
?441 - 447 |
Banadl |
Usurper Irish king. Killed when capital city burnt down. |
447 - c.460 |
Cadell Ddyrnllwg |
Restored by St Germanus. |
c.490 |
St Cyngen Glodrydd (the Renowned) |
Son. Sometimes identified with
Aurelius Caninus (Caer Gloui). |
c.520 |
Pasgen ap Cyngen |
|
c.530 |
Brochfael Ysgythrog (of the Tusks) |
|
c.540 |
Morgan ap Pasgen |
|
c.570 |
It seems likely that Powys loses
its eastern territory by this time. There is later a commander at Caer Legion in 613 called Brochfeal, who has not been linked to a kingdom, and may have been either Mawn or Iago ap
Brochfael, the brothers of Cynan Garwyn. Passing the main kingdom of Powys to his son,
Cynan, it would be standard practice for Brochfael to divide the territory and give
the eastern half, Pengwern, to a second son. Although there is no available
evidence to support this theory, Pengwern does first become a separate kingdom in its own
right around this time, and seems to retain the original Powysian capital of Caer
Guricon
(Wroxter). |
c.570 - c.610 |
Cynan Garwyn ap Brochfael |
(White Shanks) Mentioned in 580. |
c.610 - 613 |
Selyf Sarffgadau (Battle Serpent) |
Son. (Selim/Soloman.) Killed at Caer Legion by Ęthelfrith. |
613 |
Manwgan ap Selyfan |
Infant king. Usurped by Eiludd. |
613 - 642? |
Eiludd (Elfan) Powys |
King of
Dogfeiling. |
642? - ? |
Manwgan ap Selyfan |
Restored. |
c.655 |
Beli ap Eiludd |
Probably not related to Eiludd,
who was from a rival House. |
? - c.660 |
Cynddylan |
|
c.680 |
Gwylog ap Beli |
|
|
Gwallawg ap Lleenawg? |
|
c.710 - 773 |
Elisedd ap Gwylog |
 |
c.740 - 773 |
Brochfael ap Elisedd |
|
|
773 - 808 |
Cadell Powys |
(ap Brochfael). |
808 - 854 |
Cyngen (Concenn) ap Cadell |
(Annales Cambriae 852). Last of Vortigern's direct descendants. |
|
814 |
Gryfudd ap Cyngen |
Killed by his brother,
Elisweg (Annales Cambriae
814). |
|
822 - 823 |
Powys is mainly overrun in a
largescale Saxon (Mercian) invasion. Cyngen ap Cadell fights successfully to regain Powysian independence. |
854 |
Elisweg (Elisedd) ap Cyngen |
Never gained the throne, as it
passed through Cyngen's sister. |
|
854 - 878 |
Powys passes to Rhodri Mawr of
Gwynedd, who is the son of Concenn's sister and Merfyn Vrach,
to form
part of a united Wales. |
878 - 900 |
Merfyn ap Rhodri |
Ruled Powys as a sub-kingdom of
Gwynedd. |
900 - 1075 |
Powys and
Seisyllwg merge back into Gwynedd under Anarawd ap Rhodri,
and form part of a united Wales under his successor, Hywel Dda. By 1063, Blethyn rules a
mostly united Wales, and Powys is detached from
Gwynedd & Deheubarth for, or by, his son. |
1063 - 1075 |
Blethyn ap ?Cynfyn |
King of Powys,
Gwynedd & Deheubarth. |
1075 - 1132 |
Maredudd ap Blethyn |
King of Powys. |
1132 - 1160 |
Madog ap Maredudd |
King of Powys &
Prince of Wales. |
|
1160 |
Powys breaks up into
northern and southern kingdoms. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North Powys (Powys Fadog)
North Powys became known as Powys Fadog during the reign of Madog, at about the same time as
South Powys was being renamed. |
?1160 - c.1163 |
Llywelyn ap Madog |
(Hope of Powys.) Owain Glyndwr's
direct ancestor. |
c.1163 - 1191 |
Gruffydd Maelor ap Madog |
|
1160 - 1187 |
Owain Fychan |
Lord of Mechain. |
1160 - 11? |
Owain Brogyntyn |
Lord of
Penllyn & Edeirnon (former Gwynedd sub-kingdom). |
1191 - 1236 |
Madog ap Gruffydd |
|
1236 |
In the same year as
Deheubarth falls, North Powys also loses
its independence to the Norman
English. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Powys (Powys Wenwynwyn)
The appellation Powys Wenwynwyn was used to describe South Powys only from the reign of Gwenwynwyn. |
1160 |
Gruffydd ap Maredudd |
Brother of Madog. |
1160 - 1197 |
Owain Cyfeiliog ap Gruffydd |
m.Gwenllian, dau. of
Owain Gwynedd. |
1197 - 1208 |
Gwenwynwyn ap Owain |
m.Margaret, dau of Robert Corbet (d.Feb 1216). |
1208 |
Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn |
m.Hawise, dau of John Lestrange. Ruled? (d.1286). |
1208 |
South Powys is annexed by
Llywelyn Fawr, Prince of Wales &
Gwynedd. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|