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Carolingian Kings of the Eastern Franks (East Francia / Kings of Germany)
AD 840 - 911
The eastern half of the
Frankish empire evolved into modern Germany, but Carolingian rule was
relatively brief before a High-German-speaking Teutonic ruling class was
established. In 840, Louis
the Pious left his empire to his sons, but tried to ensure that the eldest
gained the biggest share, in order to avoid the fragmentation of territory
that so weakened the Merovingians.
Lothar received
Middle Francia (the Rhine
corridor including the kingdom of
Burgundy, and
Italy), Charles the Bald received
Western Francia
(France and the duchy of
Burgundy), and Louis the German received Eastern Francia (Germany,
including Alemannia and
Bavaria). However, Lothar initially claimed overlordship over all three regions and Louis and
Charles had to go to war to convince him to relent, which he did in 843. The Treaty of Verdun
confirmed the official division of the empire between the three kings, with rule over the empire as a whole being nominal. |
840 - 879 |
Louis II the German |
Son of
Carolingian Louis
I. Duke of the Alemanni. II of Germany. |
869 - 888 |
The
Swiss territories are controlled
by the Eastern Franks before passing to Upper
Burgundy. |
|
870 |
A province of East Francia, known as a 'gau' is first mentioned in the
Treaty of Meerssen in this year. Known as Hattuarian Gau, it is on the west
bank of the Rhine. This may well be a surviving relic of the former Germanic
tribe of the Chattuarii. |
876 - 880 |
Carloman of Bavaria
/ Charles |
of Germany. Ruled
Italy (877-879). |
876 - 882 |
Louis III |
III of Germany.
Empire (901-905). |
876 - 887 |
Charles III the Fat |
III of Germany.
France 884-888.
Italy 879-888. III of
Empire 881-888. |
887 |
The
first noble to exercise domination over the papacy in
Rome is
Prince Theophylact of the Theophylactii. He has served
Louis III as judex in Italy, and is now elected
Consul by Rome's
nobility. He is also a senator and magister militum, and count of
Tusculum (modern Tuscany). |
888 |
The rule of
Germany falls to non-Frankish emperors when the weak Charles is deposed by
the Germans at the Diet of Tribur (November 887). the Frankish empire is
officially divided between East and West. The western section becomes
France, the
eastern section Germany.
Charles the Fat takes refuge in the monastery of Reichenau in
Swabia where
he dies the following year. |
887 - 899 |
Arnulf of Carinthia |
Holy Roman Emperor (896-899). |
899 - 911 |
Louis IV the Child |
IV of Germany. |
911 |
East Francia
passes to Conrad I of
Franconia
as the first elected native king of Germany, ruling what was the eastern
section of the former empire. A large-scale political reorganisation
of south-western Germany now creates the stem duchy of
Swabia. |
911 - 918 |
Conrad I |
Duke of
Franconia
(906-911). |
918 - 936 |
Henry I the Fowler |
Duke of
Saxony
(912-936). |
936 - 961 |
Otto I the Great |
Duke of
Saxony
(936-973). |
936 - 944 |
As
king of Germany, the duchy of
Lorraine reverts to
Otto I. |
953 |
Feeling that his position is threatened by the marriage of his father, Otto
I, to Adelaide, heiress of
Italy, Ludolph of
Swabia joins
forces with his brother-in-law, Conrad the Red, duke of
Lorraine, in revolt.
Ludolph is supported by the Swabians, but Conrad fails to gain the same
support from his own subjects. Otto and Henry I of
Bavaria defeat the rebellion. |
|
961 |
The
Germanic emperors are overthrown by the
Saxon king of Germany, Otto I.
The two titles are merged into one and the beginnings of the
Holy Roman Empire are
born. |
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