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The Russias |
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Grand Principality of Kiev
AD 862 - 1154 |
862 - 879 |
Rurik of Novgorod |
First grand duke.
Initially forbade Kiev principality. |
879 - 912 |
Oleg |
Took Slavic Kiev and
created Russian capital. |
912 - 945 |
Igor |
|
945 - 955 |
St Olga |
|
955 - 972 |
Sviatoslav |
|
971 |
Kiev
is defeated by Byzantine Emperor John I Tzimisces. |
973 - 980 |
Yaropolk |
|
980 - 1015 |
St Vladimir I |
Great-grandson of
Rurik. |
988 |
Vladimir converts to
Christianity, after choosing between all the options. |
1015 - 1019 |
Sviatopolk |
|
1018 |
Kiev is defeated by Bloeslaw I of
Poland. |
1019 - 1054 |
Yaroslav I the Wise |
|
1054 - 1073 |
Izhaslav |
|
c.1055 |
The Kiev Empire splits
into rival principalities. |
1073 - 1076 |
Sviatoslav |
|
1078 - 1093 |
Vsevolod |
|
1093 - 1113 |
Sviatopolk |
|
1113 |
The final unification of
the principality is achieved. |
1113 - 1125 |
Vladimir II Monomachus |
m.Gytha, daughter of Harold II of
England. |
1125 - 1132 |
Mstislav |
|
1132 - 1139 |
Yaropolk |
|
1139 - 1146 |
Vsevolod |
|
1146 - 1154 |
Izhaslav |
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Grand Dukes of Vladimir
AD 1154 - 1328 |
1154 - 1157 |
Yuri (George) I Dolgoruki |
|
1157 - 1175 |
Andrey Bogolyubski |
|
1176 - 1212 |
Ysevolod |
|
1212 - 1218 |
Konstanin |
|
1218 - 1238 |
Yuri II |
|
1236 - 1239 |
Russia
is conquered by the
Mongols. |
1245 - 1480 |
The
state is tributary to the Mongols. |
1238 - 1246 |
Yaroslav II |
|
1246 - 1253 |
Andrey |
|
1253 - 1263 |
Aleksandr Nevksy |
|
1263 - 1272 |
Taroslav of Tver |
|
1272 - 1276 |
Basil |
|
1276 - 1293 |
Demetrius |
|
1293 - 1304 |
Andrey |
|
1304 - 1318 |
Michael of Tver |
|
1318 - 1326 |
Yrui Danilovich of Moscow |
|
1326 - 1328 |
Alexander of Tver |
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Grand Dukes of Moscow State
AD 1328 - 1552 |
1328 - 1341 |
Ivan I |
|
1341 - 1353 |
Simeon |
|
1353 - 1359 |
Ivan II |
|
1359 - 1389 |
Demetrius Donski |
|
1389 - 1425 |
Basil I |
|
1425 - 1462 |
Basil II |
|
1462 - 1505 |
Ivan III the Great |
|
1480 |
Ivan
refuses tribute to
the Golden Horde
and establishes the independence of Moscow State. |
1500 |
Moscow begins to attack the grand duchy of
Lithuania & Ruthenia. |
1505 - 1533 |
Basil III |
|
1533 - 1547 |
Ivan IV Grozny |
Aggressively expanded territory to
form the Czarate. |
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Czarate of all the Russias
AD 1547 - 1613 |
1547 - 1584 |
Ivan IV Grozny the Terrible |
First czar of all the Russias. |
1552 - 1554 |
Conquers the khanates
of Kazan in 1552,
and Astrakhan in 1554. |
1584 - 1598 |
Fedör / Theodore I |
Second son. |
1598 - 1605 |
Boris Godunov |
Relation by marriage of Ivan IV. |
1605 |
Fedör II |
|
1605 - 1606 |
Dimitri I the Imposter |
|
1606 - 1610 |
Basil IV Shuisky |
|
1607 - 1610 |
Dimitri / Demetrius II |
|
1610 - 1612 |
Wladyislaw / Ladislaus |
King of
Poland (1632-1648). |
1613 |
Interregnum and a period of civil war follows. |
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Romanov Czars of the Russias
AD 1613 - 1917
A period of civil war and interregnum followed the
rule of the king of
Poland, known by later generations of Russians as the
Times of Troubles. |
1613 - 1645 |
Michael Romanov |
|
1645 - 1676 |
Aleksei / Alexis |
|
1676 - 1682 |
Fedör III |
|
1682 - 1689 |
Ivan V |
|
1682 - 1725 |
Peter I the Great |
Son. |
1682 - 1689 |
Ivan and Peter both accede to the throne (where in fact a two-seater throne is
made for them). While nominally czars, Sofia, their sister, in fact governs
the country. In 1689 Peter deposes her and establishes his own rule. |
1710 |
The Russian Empire gains control of Estonia
during the Great Northern War against Sweden. |
1725 - 1727 |
Catherine I |
|
1727 - 1730 |
Peter II |
|
1730 - 1740 |
Anna |
|
1740 - 1741 |
Ivan VI |
|
1741 - 1762 |
Elizabeth Petrovna |
|
1762 |
Peter III |
|
1762 - 1796 |
Catherine II the
Great |
|
1772 |
Russia shares the spoils during the First Partition of
Poland &
Lithuania. |
1774 |
Georgia joins the Russian Empire. |
1783 |
Russia annexes the khanate of Crimea. |
1793 |
Russia gains more territory during the Second Partition of
Poland &
Lithuania. |
1795 |
The Third Partition of Poland &
Lithuania sees Russia gain almost all of modern Belarus, ending the
 existence of the joint states. |
1796 - 1801 |
Paul I |
Killed in palace coup. |
1801 - 1825 |
Alexander I |
Son of Paul I.
Implicated in coup. First grand duke of Finland. |
1801 |
Georgia
is annexed into the Russian Empire. |
1806 |
The principalities of Moldavia
and Wallachia are taken
from the
Ottomans. |
1809 - 1917 |
Alexander
captures Finland from
Sweden and creates an
autonomic grand duchy, of which he is the titular head. The title survives
until the end of the czarate. |
1825 - 1855 |
Nicholas I |
|
1854 - 1856 |
Britain and
France join the
Ottoman
empire in the Crimean War against Russia, to halt Russian expansion. The war
ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris, a severe setback to Russian
ambitions. |
1855 - 1881 |
Alexander II |
|
1881 - 1894 |
Alexander III |
|
1894 - 1917 |
Nicholas II |
Last Czar. |
1917 |
The February Revolution begins with riots in Petrograd over food rations and
the conduct of the Great War against
Prussian Germany,
and it ends with the creation of the Russian Republic. Nicholas II
abdicates, ending a thousand years of imperial rule. The October revolution
which replaces the unstable republican government creates a communist state. |
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Modern Russia
AD 1917 - Present Day |
1918 - 1921 |
Liberalist and monarchist White Guard Russian forces resist the imposition
of a Bolshevik state, and fight a civil war against the Red Guard communist
forces.
With White Guard forces closing in on the location where the czar and his
family are imprisoned in 1918, communist soldiers murder the entire immediate
imperial
family and destroy the bodies. |
1918 |
Rumania
gains the Principality of Transylvania from
Hungary, as well as some territory from Russia
which is pre-occupied by revolution and civil war. |
1921 |
Russia and
Turkey establish their respective borders with one another and the remaining
independent
Armenian
lands fall under Russian control. |
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1945 - 1949 |
Germany is occupied by Soviet Russian forces, the United
States,
Britain and France
until 1949. From 1945 until 1989-1991, the Soviet dictatorship establishes
satellite states in occupied East Germany,
Estonia,
Latvia,
Lithuania, Poland,
Belarus,
Czechoslovakia, and
Hungary. |
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1991 |
On Christmas Day
Communist USSR President Gorbachev announces the termination of the Soviet Communist
State. The Soviet Republics become independent sovereign states. Most elect to join the
new Confederation of Independent States - still controlled very strongly from Moscow. |
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Hereditary Czars of the Russias
AD 1917 - Present Day |
|
? - 1984 |
Anastasia Anderson |
Youngest daughter of Czar Nicholas? |
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Anastasia claims to be the only survivor of the 1917 massacre,
and she bears all of the physical similarities and internal palace knowledge
necessary to convince many that her claim is true. However, her claim is
never accepted by the surviving senior members of the Romanov family in
Europe and America, and cannot be confirmed legally. Some critics point to a
Polish peasant girl who had gone missing at the same time as Anastasia had
appeared and claim a hoax. Anastasia's own admission in her last years, and
DNA testing, confirms that she was indeed the missing Polish girl. |
?- 1992 |
Grand Duke Vladimir
Romanov |
Died of natural
causes at the end of May. |
1992 - Present |
Grand Duke Giorgi
Romanov |
Born c.1984. |
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