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Serbia
Founded by Slavs in the sixth century as they moved southwards to take possession of territory between
the Bulgars and the Adriatic.
They were in part drawn southwards by the
Byzantines, eager to stem the advance of the Avars.
Some Serb elements remained in the northeastern regions of Europe (known as
White Serbs), including Western Poland, Eastern Germany and Saxony. They can
still be found in Lausitz in Germany, and are now known as the Laustiz
Serbs. |
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Kingdom of Serbia
AD 1217 - 1345 |
1151 - 1196 |
Stephan I Nemanja |
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1163 - 1180 |
The Serbs
and Bosnians fall to
Byzantium. |
1196 - 1228 |
Stephen II the
First-Crowned |
First King of Serbia
in 1217. |
1228 - 1234 |
Stephen III Radoslav |
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1234 - 1243 |
Stephen IV Vladislav |
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1243 - 1276 |
Stephen Urosh I |
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1276 - 1282 |
Stephen Dragutin |
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1282 - 1321 |
Stephen Urosh II
Milutin |
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1321 - 1331 |
Stephen Urosh III
Dechanski |
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1331 - 1345 |
Stephen Urosh IV
Dushan |
Empire declared. |
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Empire of Serbia
AD 1345 - 1459 |
1345 - 1355 |
Stephen Urosh IV
Dushan |
First tsar of Serbia. |
1355 - 1374 |
Stephen Urosh V the
Weak |
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1374 |
The
dynasty collapses and with it royal authority. |
1371 - 1389 |
Lazar |
Prince of Serbia |
1389 |
The Battle of Kosovo,
"Field of the Blackbirds," takes place where the Serbs are defeated by the
Ottomans. |
1389 - 1427 |
Stephen Lazarevich |
Despot. Turkish
vassal from 1396. |
1427 - 1456 |
George Brankovich |
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1456 - 1458 |
Lazar Brankovich |
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1459 - 1878 |
Serbia is annexed
and ruled by Ottoman Turks. |
1804 - 1878 |
Two
Serbs lead a long revolt which ultimately leads to Serbian independence.
There is a bitter inter-rivalry between the two revolutionaries' families
(Karageorgevich and Obrenovic),
and this leads to much bloody in-fighting. |
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Principality of Serbia
AD 1811 - 1882 |
1804 - 1813 |
Djordje Petrovic / Kara ("Black") George |
Lord.
Led anti-Turk revolt. Confirmed as ruler in 1811. |
1815 - 1817 |
Milos Obrenovic |
Led anti-Turkish revolt. |
1817 - 1839 |
Milos Obrenovic |
Prince. |
1839 |
Milan I Obrenovic |
Prince. Son. |
1839 - 1842 |
Michael Obrenovic |
Prince. Second son of Milos. |
1842 - 1858 |
Alexander Karadjordjevic
(Karageorgevich) |
Prince. Son of Djordje Petrovic. |
1858 - 1860 |
Milos Obrenovic |
Restored. |
1860 - 1868 |
Michael |
Restored. |
1868 - 1882 |
Milan II Obrenovic |
Prince. First cousin, once removed, of Michael. |
1875 - 1878 |
The
Treaty of San Stephano makes most of the Balkans independent of Ottoman
control, and the Congress of Berlin (1878) officially creates an
independent Serbian state. |
1882 |
The independent
state is elevated to a kingdom. |
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Kingdom of Serbia
AD 1882 - 1918 |
1868 - 1882 |
Milan II Obrenovic |
Elevated to king. |
1882 - 1903 |
Alexander I |
Son. Murdered. |
1903 - 1918 |
Peter I Karadjordjevic |
Son of Alexander Karadjordjevic. |
1918 |
On 1 December,
a "Southern-Slav" kingdom is founded as part of the reshaping of Europe after
the Great War.
Including the Kosovo region (1913), ex-Austro-Hungarian
Croatia &
Slovenia, plus
Bosnia, Herzegovina &
Monte Negro, Serbia is the
dominant member of the new Yugoslavia and views much of the territory as being traditionally
Serbian. |
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Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbs, Croats & Slovenes)
AD 1918 - 1941
The kingdom was originally known as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats &
Slovenes. Alexander II altered it in 1928. |
1918 - 1921 |
Peter I Karadjordjevic |
Territory expanded. |
1918 - 1921 |
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Alexander II |
Regent. |
1921 - 1934 |
Alexander II |
Son of Peter I. m.Marie, dau of King Ferdinand of
Rumania. |
1928 |
The Serb-born king,
Alexander, renames the kingdom. All citizens are required to declare themselves as Yugoslavs in the
subsequent census. |
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1934 |
The dictatorial, and anti-fascist, Alexander
is assassinated in Marseille by a Croatian, at least partially in revenge for the Serb killing of the
Croatian parliamentary leader in 1928, but probably also because of his
resistance to fascism. |
1934 - 1945 |
Peter II |
Son. Went into exile in 1941. |
1934 - 1941 |
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Paul |
Regent. Grandson of Alexander Karadjordjevic. |
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1941 - 1943 |
The Nazi
German &
Italian Occupation of Yugoslavia brings the kingdom to an end.
Croatia,
which has always regarded itself (with legal justification) as autonomous,
is granted a puppet king by its Italian pro-Nazi occupiers. |
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1943 - 1945 |
The Nazi
Germans occupy Serbia. |
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1945 |
Communists
take over the state after fighting off the Nazis. Yugoslavia gains
Istria from Italy. |
1945 - 1980 |
Josip Broz Tito |
Communist Dictator. |
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1991 |
The Serbian-dominated
Yugoslavia loses
Croatia,
Istria and
Slovenia. |
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2006 |
Serbian-dominated
Yugoslavia loses Monte Negro following a vote in the latter for full
independence, ending the Yugoslav state. |
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Hereditary Kings of Yugoslavia |
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? - Present |
Crown Prince Alexander II |
b.1945 in London. Returned to live in Belgrade in 2001. |
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